Epigenetics News and New Antibody Products

Epigenetics News

New Modulators of Human Stem Cell Pluripotency Identified
Researchers at the Genome Institute of Singapore recently published the results of a genome wide RNAi-based screen to identify genes important for maintaining stem cell pluripotency and self renewal...more.

Transcriptional Coactivator Found to be Important Regulator of Glucose Production
De novo glucose synthesis (gluconeogenesis) occurs primarily in the liver to maintain glucose levels during periods of fasting or starvation. A study conducted jointly at Baylor College of Medicine...more.

Caste-specific Behavior in Bees Associated with Large Scale Differences in DNA Methylation
In honey bees, the queen bees are physiologically and behaviorally very dissimilar to the female worker bee caste, despite sharing the same genetic background. A recent study identified significant...more.

Antibodies	Chromatin IP	Chromatin Biology & Epigenetics	Transcription

Product Guides

New Antibodies

APOBEC2 pAb (Catalog No. 39985) details
Applications: WB

APOBEC2 (Apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing enzyme catalytic subunit 2) is part of a family of enzymes that edit nucleic acids, possibly changing cytosine to uracil. APOBEC2 expression is regulated by TNF-α via NFκB activation and this suggests a possible role for APOBEC2 in the pathophysiology of hepatic inflammation. APOBEC2 has a low intrinsic cytidine deaminase activity and is also involved in DNA demethylation. APOBEC2 deaminates 5-methylcytosine, followed by base excision repair by Mbd4.

CoREST pAb (Catalog No. 39955) details
Applications: WB

CoREST (REST corepressor 1, RCOR1) is a corepressor protein recruited by the REST, a neuronal gene-specific transcriptional repressor, to help repress neuron specific gene expression in non-neuronal cell lineages. CoREST is an essential component of the BHC repressor complex that also contains HDAC1, HDAC2, HMG20B/BRAF35, LSD1 (a lysine-4 specific histone demethylase) and PHF21A/BHC80. The Herpes Simplex virus ICP0 protein blocks the repression of viral genes by disrupting the interaction between CoREST and HDAC1/2.

DAX-1 / NR0B1 mAb (Catalog No. 39983) details
Clone: 1DA-2F4
Applications: ELISA, ICC, IF, IHC, IP, WB

DAX-1 (DSS-AHC critical region on the X chromosome protein 1, NR01B, Nuclear receptor subfamily 0 group B member 1) is an orphan nuclear receptor and a component of a cascade required for the development of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal-gonadal axis. DAX-1 / NR01B inhibits the transcriptional activity of other nuclear receptors through heterodimeric interactions. It may also have a role in embryonic development and in the maintenance of embryonic stem cell pluripotency. Defects in DAX-1 are a cause of dosage-sensitive sex reversal (DSSR) and X-linked adrenal hypoplasia congenital (XL-AHC). DSSR results from a duplication of the region of the X-chromosome containing DAX-1, resulting in males with two copies of DAX-1, which inhibits normal testis formation, and thus XY individuals develop as females. XL-AHC is a developmental disorder of the adrenal gland, characterized by a structural disorganization of the glands. Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HHG) is frequently associated with this disorder. HHG is a condition resulting from or characterized by abnormally decreased gonadal function, with retardation of growth and sexual development.

GCN5 mAb (Catalog No. 39975) details
Clone: 2GC-2C11
Applications: ELISA, IF, WB

GCN5 (General control of nutrition 5, KAT2A) is a histone acetyltransferase (HAT) and serves as a transcriptional activator. GCN5 is a component of the SAGA and ATAC complexes, which have histone acetyltransferase activity for histones H3 and H4. GCN5 is required for neural tube closure and embryonic development.

Histone H4 acetyl mAb (Catalog No. 39967) details
Clone: 3HH4-2C2
Applications: ELISA, ICC, IP, WB

Histone acetylation is a dynamic, reversible and tightly regulated protein and histone modification that plays a major role in chromatin remodeling and in the regulation of gene expression in various cellular functions. Acetylation of histone H4 occurs at several different lysine positions in the histone tail, and is performed by Histone Acetyltransferases (HATs) such as Hat1 or Gcn5. Acetylation of histones is often associated with transcriptional activation.

HP1α mAb (Catalog No. 39977) details
Clone: 2HP-1H5
Applications: ChIP, ELISA, ICC, IF, IHC

HP1α (Heterochromatin protein 1 alpha) is a chromosomal protein that participates in both chromatin packaging and gene silencing. Three HP1 isoforms (α, β and γ) occur in mammals. The chromodomain of HP1α is responsible for binding to histone H3 methylated at lysine 9, although additional factors are required to specify the HP1 targeting. The chromo shadow domain mediates interactions with a number of nuclear proteins, including SuvH39 (a Histone H3 Lysine methyltransferase), the DNA methyltransferases DNMT1 and DNMT3A or the large subunit of the chromatin assembly factor-1 (CAF-1). Dysfunction of HP1α plays a critical role in tumorigenesis, and is implicated in the invasive/metastatic phenotype of breast cancer.

HP1β mAb (Catalog No. 39979) details
Clone: 1MOD-1A9
Applications: ELISA, IF, IHC, IP, WB

HP1 beta (Heterochromatin Protein 1 beta, chromobox protein 1, CBX1) is one of the mammalian homologues of Drosophila HP1, first identified through its role in the maintenance of regions of the genome in a heterochromatic state. HP1 beta contains a chromo domain and a chromo shadow domain. Through the chromo domain, HP1 proteins are recruited to regions of chromatin that exhibit methylation of lysine 9 of histone H3. Interaction between HP1 beta and the lamin B receptor can facilitate the sequestration of heterochromatin to the nuclear envelope.

HP1γ mAb (Catalog No. 39981) details
Clone: 2MOD-1G6
Applications: ELISA, ICC, IF, IHC, IP, WB

Heterochromatin Protein 1 gamma (HP1 gamma) is one of the mammalian homologues of Drosophila HP1, first identified through its role in the maintenance of regions of the genome in a heterochromatic state. HP1 gamma contains a chromo domain and a chromo shadow domain. Through the chromo domain, HP1 proteins are recruited to regions of chromatin that exhibit methylation of lysine 9 of histone H3.

Progerin mAb (Catalog No. 39965) details
Clone: 13A4
Applications: IF, IP, WB

Progerin is a 614 amino acid protein involved in Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS), a rare genetic disorder characterized by features reminiscent of severe premature aging. Progerin is most often generated by a point mutation in the gene that codes for lamin A and C. Nuclear lamins are intermediate filament proteins that are the major structural component of the nuclear lamina on the inner surface of the nuclear envelope. Progerin lacks a conserved proteolytic cleavage site and therefore retains its C-terminus and is permanently farnesylated. Although it can enter the nucleus and associate with the nuclear envelope, it cannot incorporate normally into the nuclear lamina. HGPS is caused by the toxic accumulation of Progerin, which acts to deregulate mitosis and DNA damage signaling, leading to premature senescence and cell death.

RAR-α mAb (Catalog No. 39971) details
Clone: 9a-9A6
Applications: ELISA, EMSA, ICC, IHC, IP, WB

Retinoic acid receptors (RAR) are nuclear receptors that are activated by both all-trans retinoic acid and 9-cis retinoic acid. There are three retinoic acid receptors (RAR), RAR-α, RAR-β and RAR-γ. RAR-α (NR1B1) interacts with NCoA3, NCoA6, NCoA7 and MLL to activate transcription of target genes. Chromosomal aberrations of RAR-α are sometimes involved in Promyelocytic leukemia.

RAR-γ mAb (Catalog No. 39973) details
Clone: 4g-7A11
Applications: ELISA, EMSA, ICC, IP, WB

Retinoic acid receptors (RAR) are nuclear receptors that are activated by both all-trans retinoic acid and 9-cis retinoic acid. There are three retinoic acid receptors (RAR), RAR-α, RAR-β and RAR-γ. RAR-γ has two splice isoforms. RAR-γ heterodimerizes with RXR and in the absence of ligand, the RAR/RXR dimer binds to hormone response elements complexed with co-repressor protein. Binding of agonist ligands to RAR results in dissociation of co-repressor and recruitment of coactivator protein which in turn promotes transcription of the downstream target gene into mRNA and eventually protein.

SALL4 pAb (Catalog No. 39957) details
Applications: WB

SALL4 (Sal-like protein 4) is a zinc-finger transcription factor required for the maintenance of embryonic stem cell pluripotency. SALL4 activates the expression of Oct4 and reduction in the levels of SALL4 eliminates the ability of ES cells to self-renew and causes differentiation. SALL4 mutations are associated with the developmental disorders IVIC syndrome and Duane-radial ray syndrome.

SIRT2 pAb (Catalog No. 39903) details
Applications: WB

SIRT2 is a member of the SIR2 / Sirtuin family of NAD-dependant deacetylase enzymes. It has multiple targets for deacetylation, including tubulin, P53, HOXA10, FOXO3A, P300, FOXO1. SIRT2 suppresses adipogenesis by deacetylating FOXO1, promoting the binding of FOXO1 to PPARγ and subsequent repression of PPARγ mediated transcriptional activation. Similar to SIRT1, SIRT2 also deacetylates H4AcK16 similar to SIRT1, SIRT2 deacetylates histone H4 at lysine 16. SIRT2 is present in the cytoplasm during most of the cell cycle except in the G2/M transition and in mitosis, where it is found in the nucleus and in contact with chromatin and required for exit from mitosis.